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en:abl [2013/08/07 22:04] fluktuaciaen:abl [Unknown date] (current) – external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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 ===== Ground discharge box ===== ===== Ground discharge box =====
  
-The ground balloon network station would consist of compact box containing technology needed to discharge the balloon __sonde__. The device must be able to withstand (in order of several years) the standby mode and wait for the command to release the sonde. +{{ :cs:designs:meteo:abl01a_ground_box.jpg?direct&600 |}} 
 + 
 +The ground balloon network station would consist of compact box containing technology needed to discharge the balloon sonde. The device must be able to withstand (in order of several years) the standby mode and wait for the command to release the sonde. 
  
        
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 The ground discharge box is constructed to be able to run under various weather conditions. It has a shape of triangular prism with one side standing on a raised platform and the other two covered with photovoltaic cells supplying energy to the electronics. After the discharge, they can be used to check the correct slide-down of the roof panels. The monitoring of the supplied power during the day also enables to check for the occurrence of solid obstacles in the vicinity of the station.   The ground discharge box is constructed to be able to run under various weather conditions. It has a shape of triangular prism with one side standing on a raised platform and the other two covered with photovoltaic cells supplying energy to the electronics. After the discharge, they can be used to check the correct slide-down of the roof panels. The monitoring of the supplied power during the day also enables to check for the occurrence of solid obstacles in the vicinity of the station.  
  
-The material used for construction is welded __polyethylene__, making the station waterproof and resistant to dirt entry, that could damage the balloon.+The material used for construction is welded polyethylene, making the station waterproof and resistant to dirt entry, that could damage the balloon.
    
   * A construction designed to enable the discharge of present-day professional weather balloons.    * A construction designed to enable the discharge of present-day professional weather balloons. 
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   * The roof panels held flexibly by a stretchable strap, ensuring the sealing of the roof ridge.    * The roof panels held flexibly by a stretchable strap, ensuring the sealing of the roof ridge. 
  
-=== __Actuators__ ===+=== Actuators ===
  
-Most of the actuators should be designed with an emphasis on maximal reliability. Therefore, they would probably be springs with __burnable__ plastic fuses (silicon fiber or ribbon burned by a powerful resistor).[[en:nfet4x|NFET4X01B]] module can be used To switch the current to resistors.   +Most of the actuators should be designed with an emphasis on maximal reliability. Therefore, they would probably be springs with burnable plastic fuses (silicon fiber or ribbon burned by a powerful resistor). [[en:nfet4x|NFET4X01B]] module can be used To switch the current to resistors.   
  
 == Pneumatics == == Pneumatics ==
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 It would be then sufficient to dry the hydrogen produced by this method by cartridge with silicagel.  It would be then sufficient to dry the hydrogen produced by this method by cartridge with silicagel. 
  
-Another option is to decompose the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_borohydride|Sodium_borohydride]] by a catalyst.+Experiments with this metod showed difficulty in obtaining the galium back in order for it to be re-used.  
 + 
 +**Ferrosilicon method** makes use of a reaction between the sodium hydroxide, water and a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrosilicon|ferrosilicon]]. 
 + 
 +Another option is a **catalysed decomposition** of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_borohydride|Sodium_borohydride]]. 
 + 
 +In all cases, the volume of the carrier gas should be optimised with respect to required lift and the rate of climb.  
  
 === Firmware === === Firmware ===
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   * Meteostation [[en:aws|AWS01B]] for measurement of the basic meteorological variables    * Meteostation [[en:aws|AWS01B]] for measurement of the basic meteorological variables 
   * [[en:gps|GPS01A]] - a time synchronisation, an absolute knowledge of the station position, the possibility to generate a DGPS correction   * [[en:gps|GPS01A]] - a time synchronisation, an absolute knowledge of the station position, the possibility to generate a DGPS correction
-  * Balloon __drag__ measurement+  * Balloon lift measurement
   * Gas flow into the balloon (by an [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orifice_plate|orifice plate]])   * Gas flow into the balloon (by an [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orifice_plate|orifice plate]])
  
-===== Weather balloon =====+===== Probing balloon =====
  
 A non-flying prototype of the balloon will be developed using [[http://www.mlab.cz/Server/GenIndex/GenIndex.php?lang=cs&path=/Modules|MLAB]] modules. A non-flying prototype of the balloon will be developed using [[http://www.mlab.cz/Server/GenIndex/GenIndex.php?lang=cs&path=/Modules|MLAB]] modules.
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 The GPS must by chosen to function correctly at higher altitudes as well.((Limited by the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCom#Legacy|CoCom]] directive)).   The GPS must by chosen to function correctly at higher altitudes as well.((Limited by the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCom#Legacy|CoCom]] directive)).  
  
-=== Napájení sondy během letu ===+== Transmitter ==
  
-  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_battery|Lithiový článek]] (negeneruje teplo, minimální provozní teplota je -60°C)  +Integrated transmitters.
-  * Hořčíková baterie (generuje teplo pro temperování elektroniky) +
-  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery|Stříbro-oxidový článek]] Vydrží nižší provozní teploty a je ekologicky nezávadný.  +
-  * Ideální by bylo použití [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OtM6XJlynkk|superkapacitorů]]+
  
 +  * [[http://www.ti.com/ww/en/analog/sub_1_GHz_low_power_rf_ic/index.shtml?DCMP=rfvalueline&HQS=Other+OT+rfvalueline|CC115L]]
  
-Řešením problému s nízkou teplotou ve vyšších výškách by mohlo být předehřátí sondy při startu.  
-=== Konstrukce === 
  
-  Balón - [[http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylen|PE]] pytel (kvůli životnosti zabaleném stavu guma s časem degraduje) ((http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projekt_Mogul)) [[http://ukhas.org.uk/guides:balloon_data| Paramery beznych balonu]] +=== Power supply during the flight === 
-  * Možnost dálkového odpojení balónu od sondy (ukončení stoupání+ 
-  * Prototyp plněný [[http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium|heliem]], produkční zařízení vodíkem (Použití vodíku je kromě nižší ceny i ekologičtější hélium uvolněné do atmosféry je vlivem slunečního větru nenávratně odváto do vesmíruA vodík navíc lze vyrábět chemickou reakcí přímo během napeouštění sondy).  +  [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_battery|Lithium battery]] (does not generate heat, minimum operating temperature is -60°C)  
-  * Splnění požadavků na bezpečnost provozu (letovou, majetkovou a personální)+  * Magnesium battery (generates heat to keep the electronics warm)  
 +  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery|Silver-oxide battery]] (withstands lower operating temperatures and is environmentally friendly 
 +  * An ideal option would be the use of [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OtM6XJlynkk|supercapacitors]] 
 + 
 +The solution to the problem of low temperature at higher altitudes could involve the preheating of the balloon at startup. 
 + 
 +=== Construction === 
 + 
 +  * Balloon - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene|PE]] sack (packed in order to increase the lifetime as rubber degrades over time) ((http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Mogul)) [[http://ukhas.org.uk/guides:balloon_data| Standard weather balloons parameters]] 
 +  * An option to remotely disconnect the balloon from the sensor (to end the ascent
 +  * A prototype filled with [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium|helium]], __mass-produced__ device by hydrogen (apart from lower price, the use of hydrogen is more environmentally friendly as well helium released into the atmosphere is due to solar winds irretrievably blown away into the spaceIn addition to that, hydrogen can be produced by chemical reaction directly during the balloon filling). 
 +  * Meeting the safety requirements 
  
 === Firmware === === Firmware ===
  
-  * Záznam dat v gondole balónu -> mikroSD karta+  * Data records from balloon gondola -> microSD card
  
  
-=== Blokové schéma === +=== Block Diagram === 
-{{:cs:schema_atmega1.png?400|}}+{{:en:schema_atmega1_ang.png?400|}}
  
  
-==== Legislativní požadavky ====+==== Legal requirements ====
  
-Pravidla pro lety volných balónů bez pilota jsou definovány v leteckých předpisech L-2 Pravidla létanídodatek R. +The rules for free unmanned balloon flights are defined in the aviation regulations "L-2 Pravidla létání"appendix and R.
  
-=== Kategorie balónu ===+=== Balloon Classes ===
  
-Balón by měl spadat do kategorie B2, která je definována jako volný balón s objemem menším než 3,25 m^3, přičemž žádný z rozměrů balónu nepřekračuje 2 m. Rozměr 2 m je rozměr při jeho maximálním naplnění/roztažení.+The balloon should be of B2 classthat is defined as a free balloon with the volume under 3,25 m^3 and none of the dimensions exceeding 2m when inflated to its maximal size 
  
-=== Povolení vypuštění ===+=== Launch permission ===
  
-Užitečné zatížení představují předměty materiálykteré by v případě střetu s letadlem mohly způsobit poškození letadla (zejména prskavkysvítící tyčinkylámací světla, LED diody apod.) a jakékoliv zatížení o hmotnosti přesahující 0,1 kg.  +An useful load refers to all the objects and materials that could, in an event of collision with an aircraftcause a damage to the aircraft (especially sparklesglowstics,LEDs etc.) and any load exceeding weigh of 0.1 kg. 
-Vzhledem k této definici bude nutné mít pro provoz balónu povoleníVšechny informace ohledně letu (jako je datumčasmísto vypuštěníužitečné zatížení atp.) musí být zveřejněny v Letecké informační příručce (AIP). Pro vypuštění ve zvláštních případechjako je mimořádné pozorováníje potřeba upozornit prostřednictvím navigační výstrahy formou zprávy NOTAM, která se musí podat minimálně 24 hodin před vzletem balónu.+Due to this definition, a permission must be obtained in order to operate the balloonAll the information concerning the flight (like datetime and place of dischargeuseful loadetc.) has to be published in Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP). In the case of special instanceslike an __unexpected observation__a warning must be issued in the form of a NOTAM noticeat least 24 hours before the balloon's take-off.
  
-=== Materiály ===+=== Materials ===
  
-Balón nesmí být plněn hořlavými výbušnými plyny s výjimkou povolení ÚCL. +The balloon must not be filled with flammable and explosive gases, with the exception of permission issued by CAA ([[http://www.caa.cz/index.php?lang=2]])
-Omezení pro materiál antény ani baterií nejsou definovány.  +Restrictions on the materials used for antennae and batteries are not specified. Such restrictions are not specified for the materials used for the balloon as wellbut when using a balloon with high luminosity or made of materials with high light or radar reflectivity, it must be reported to nearest air traffic control centreA material (a ropea threadconnecting the balloon with the sonde must not tolerate a force exceeding 230N.  
-Materiál balónu také není definovánale při použití balónu o vysoké svítivosti nebo zhotoveného z materiálů o velké světelné nebo radarové odrazivosti musí být oznámeno nejbližšímu stanovišti letových provozních služeb. +
-Materiál (lanoprovázekspojující balón se sondou nesmí vydržet větší sílu než 230N.+
  
-=== Dostup ===+=== Ascent altitude ===
  
-Pro dostup nejsou omezení.+Without limits.
  
-=== Místo vypuštění ===+=== Deployment site ===
  
-Omezení se týká všech ZakázanýchNebezpečných a Omezených prostorůstejně jako dočasně aktivovaných prostorů v době jejich používanís výjimkou kdy tak povolí ÚCL nebo kdy je prostor vyhrazen pro let předmětného balónuProvoz balónu blízko hranic a letišť je problematický, nedoporučuje se.+The restrictions include all ProhibitedRestricted and Dangerous areasas well as temporarily activated areas during their useexcept when a permit has been issued by Civil Aviation Authority or when the area is reserved for the flight of the balloon in questionOperations close to the state borders or airports are problematic and as such are not recommended  
  
 +=== Solving legal problems ===
  
-=== Řešení legislativních problémů === 
  
 +  * To design a safe balloon, that will meet the CAA flight safety requirements.
 +  * To control the ascent and actively prevent a possible collision. (This system could as well simplify the return of the balloon, similar to this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpBnurznFio ) 
 +  * Autodestruction system activated in the case of impending collision.
 +  
 +===== Network's control system =====
  
-  * Navrhnout bezpečnou sondu, která splní požadavky ÚCL na bezpečnost letu.  +The configuration and the control of the network should be provided by [[cs:programming_tasks&#framework_pro_distribuovane_merici_projekty|an universal framework for distributed measurements]]
-  * Řídit stoupání a aktivně zabránit vzniku kolize. (Takový systém by mohl zároveň zjednodušit návrat sondy podobně jako zde http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpBnurznFio )  +
-  * Autodestrukce při hrozící srážce. +
-===== Řídící systém sítě =====+
  
-Konfigurace a řízení sítě by mělo být zajištěno [[cs:programming_tasks&#framework_pro_distribuovane_merici_projekty|univerzálním frameworkem pro distribuovaná měření]].  
  
 +==== Launch Planning ====
  
 +The launch of the balloons must be planned automatically with regard to the effectiveness of the measurement and the air traffic safety as well.
  
 +=== Aviation maps ===
 +
 +  * [[http://skyvector.com/|SkyVector]]
 +  * [[http://openaviationmap.org/|Open Aviation Map]]
 +  * [[http://lis.rlp.cz/ais_data/aip/data/valid/e6-3.pdf|Aeronautical information service]] - AIP chapter ENR 6.
 +
 +Other maps are mostly scanned versions of originally paper aviation maps and so are not suitable for automatic planning. 
 +
 +===== Documentation =====
 +
 +[[http://www.mlab.cz/Designs/Measuring_instruments/ABL01A/DOC/ABL01A.cs.pdf|The project's summary technical report]]
 +
 +==== Technical documentation ====
 +
 +The project's technical documentation is saved in SVN repository at MLAB: http://svn.mlab.cz/svnmlab/Designs/Measuring_instruments/ABL01A/
 +
 +  svn://svn.mlab.cz/MLAB/Designs/Measuring_instruments/ABL01A/
 +  
 +==== Project management ====
 +
 +For tasks management and supervision of their implementation we use [[http://www.mlab.cz/redmine/| Redmine]]. 
 +
 +Documents and presentations concerning project management are stored here:
 +
 +  svn co https://lynx1.felk.cvut.cz/svn-students/pto/pto-13138-1 svnPTO 
 +  
 +
 +==== Project presentations ====
 +
 +  - [[http://prezi.com/bnhig7zmyoin/automaticky-vypousteny-meteobalon/|Introduction]]
 +  - [[http://prezi.com/8hxyotflpfzt/2-prezentace-abl01a/|First results]]
 +  - [[http://prezi.com/3d4t973s-tk0/iro-automaticky-vypoustec-meteobalonu/|Experimental working prototype]]
 +
 +=== Videos ===
 +
 +  * [[http://youtu.be/yZOg_d113f8|Test of the prototype]]
 +
 +=== Photos ===
 +
 +  * [[https://picasaweb.google.com/109626411951658757207/AutovypoustecMeteobalonuABL01A?noredirect=1|Prototype construction and testing ]]
 +
 +===== Implementation means =====
 +
 +==== People ====
 +
 +The project is carried out by the team of several ČVUT students from Department of Measurement and Department of Cybernetics.
 +
 +
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/pomiceva/|Bc. Eva Pomíchalová]]  -  Air and Space Systems 
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/kakonjak/|Bc. Jakub Kákona]] -  Air and Space Systems  
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/poskozby/|Bc. Zbyněk Poskočil]] - Sensors and measurement
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/hanuson1/|Bc. Ondřej Hanuš]] -  Air and Space Systems  
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/jichapav/|Bc. Pavel Jícha]] - Cybernetics and Robotics
 +
 +==== Technical support ====
 +
 +Most parts of the project were provided by [[http://www.ust.cz/|Universal Scientific Technologies s.r.o.]] {{ :logo_ust.png?nolink|Universal Scientific Technologies s.r.o.}}
 +
 +Suppliers of the construction equipment:
 +
 +  * [[http://macgyver.sh.cvut.cz/|MacGyver – bastlíři SH]]
 +  * [[http://aerospace.fsik.cvut.cz/?f_lng=en|Department of Aerospace Engineering]]
 +
 +
 +===== References =====
 +
 +  * [[http://portal.chmi.cz/files/portal/docs/meteo/oa/sondaz_PTU_vitr.html|ČHMÚ measurements]].  
 +
 +==== Similar projects ====
 +
 +  - http://projecthorus.org/ http://blog.czanso.com/ http://chab.chytry.info/
 +  - http://www.airshipclub.com/folie.php
 +
 +==== TODO ====
 +
 +  * A sounding rocket could be a future improvement of the project.
 + 
en/abl.1375913057.txt.gz · Last modified: 2013/08/07 22:04 (external edit)