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en:abl [2013/08/08 08:27] – fluktuaciaen:abl [Unknown date] (current) – external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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 ===== Ground discharge box ===== ===== Ground discharge box =====
  
-The ground balloon network station would consist of compact box containing technology needed to discharge the balloon __sonde__. The device must be able to withstand (in order of several years) the standby mode and wait for the command to release the sonde. +{{ :cs:designs:meteo:abl01a_ground_box.jpg?direct&600 |}} 
 + 
 +The ground balloon network station would consist of compact box containing technology needed to discharge the balloon sonde. The device must be able to withstand (in order of several years) the standby mode and wait for the command to release the sonde. 
  
        
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   * The roof panels held flexibly by a stretchable strap, ensuring the sealing of the roof ridge.    * The roof panels held flexibly by a stretchable strap, ensuring the sealing of the roof ridge. 
  
-=== __Actuators__ ===+=== Actuators ===
  
-Most of the actuators should be designed with an emphasis on maximal reliability. Therefore, they would probably be springs with __burnable__ plastic fuses (silicon fiber or ribbon burned by a powerful resistor).[[en:nfet4x|NFET4X01B]] module can be used To switch the current to resistors.   +Most of the actuators should be designed with an emphasis on maximal reliability. Therefore, they would probably be springs with burnable plastic fuses (silicon fiber or ribbon burned by a powerful resistor). [[en:nfet4x|NFET4X01B]] module can be used To switch the current to resistors.   
  
 == Pneumatics == == Pneumatics ==
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 It would be then sufficient to dry the hydrogen produced by this method by cartridge with silicagel.  It would be then sufficient to dry the hydrogen produced by this method by cartridge with silicagel. 
  
-Another option is to decompose the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_borohydride|Sodium_borohydride]] by a catalyst.+Experiments with this metod showed difficulty in obtaining the galium back in order for it to be re-used.  
 + 
 +**Ferrosilicon method** makes use of a reaction between the sodium hydroxide, water and a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrosilicon|ferrosilicon]]. 
 + 
 +Another option is a **catalysed decomposition** of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_borohydride|Sodium_borohydride]]. 
 + 
 +In all cases, the volume of the carrier gas should be optimised with respect to required lift and the rate of climb.  
  
 === Firmware === === Firmware ===
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   * Meteostation [[en:aws|AWS01B]] for measurement of the basic meteorological variables    * Meteostation [[en:aws|AWS01B]] for measurement of the basic meteorological variables 
   * [[en:gps|GPS01A]] - a time synchronisation, an absolute knowledge of the station position, the possibility to generate a DGPS correction   * [[en:gps|GPS01A]] - a time synchronisation, an absolute knowledge of the station position, the possibility to generate a DGPS correction
-  * Balloon __drag__ measurement+  * Balloon lift measurement
   * Gas flow into the balloon (by an [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orifice_plate|orifice plate]])   * Gas flow into the balloon (by an [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orifice_plate|orifice plate]])
  
-===== Weather balloon =====+===== Probing balloon =====
  
 A non-flying prototype of the balloon will be developed using [[http://www.mlab.cz/Server/GenIndex/GenIndex.php?lang=cs&path=/Modules|MLAB]] modules. A non-flying prototype of the balloon will be developed using [[http://www.mlab.cz/Server/GenIndex/GenIndex.php?lang=cs&path=/Modules|MLAB]] modules.
Line 130: Line 138:
  
 The GPS must by chosen to function correctly at higher altitudes as well.((Limited by the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCom#Legacy|CoCom]] directive)).   The GPS must by chosen to function correctly at higher altitudes as well.((Limited by the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoCom#Legacy|CoCom]] directive)).  
 +
 +== Transmitter ==
 +
 +Integrated transmitters.
 +
 +  * [[http://www.ti.com/ww/en/analog/sub_1_GHz_low_power_rf_ic/index.shtml?DCMP=rfvalueline&HQS=Other+OT+rfvalueline|CC115L]]
 +
  
 === Power supply during the flight === === Power supply during the flight ===
  
   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_battery|Lithium battery]] (does not generate heat, minimum operating temperature is -60°C)    * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_battery|Lithium battery]] (does not generate heat, minimum operating temperature is -60°C) 
-  * __Magnesium__ battery (generates heat to keep the electronics warm)  +  * Magnesium battery (generates heat to keep the electronics warm)  
-  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery|Stříbro-oxidový článek]] (withstands lower operating temperatures and is environmentally friendly +  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery|Silver-oxide battery]] (withstands lower operating temperatures and is environmentally friendly 
-  * Ideal for use would be [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OtM6XJlynkk|supercapacitors]]+  * An ideal option would be the use of [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=OtM6XJlynkk|supercapacitors]]
  
 The solution to the problem of low temperature at higher altitudes could involve the preheating of the balloon at startup. The solution to the problem of low temperature at higher altitudes could involve the preheating of the balloon at startup.
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   * Balloon - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene|PE]] sack (packed in order to increase the lifetime - as rubber degrades over time) ((http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Mogul)) [[http://ukhas.org.uk/guides:balloon_data| Standard weather balloons parameters]]   * Balloon - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene|PE]] sack (packed in order to increase the lifetime - as rubber degrades over time) ((http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Mogul)) [[http://ukhas.org.uk/guides:balloon_data| Standard weather balloons parameters]]
-  * +  * An option to remotely disconnect the balloon from the sensor (to end the ascent) 
 +  * A prototype filled with [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium|helium]], __mass-produced__ device by hydrogen (apart from lower price, the use of hydrogen is more environmentally friendly as well - helium released into the atmosphere is due to solar winds irretrievably blown away into the space. In addition to that, hydrogen can be produced by chemical reaction directly during the balloon filling). 
 +  * Meeting the safety requirements 
  
 +=== Firmware ===
  
-  * Možnost dálkového odpojení balónu od sondy (ukončení stoupání) +  * Data records from balloon gondola -> microSD card
-  * Prototyp plněný [[http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium|heliem]], produkční zařízení vodíkem (Použití vodíku je kromě nižší ceny i ekologičtější - hélium uvolněné do atmosféry je vlivem slunečního větru nenávratně odváto do vesmíru. A vodík navíc lze vyrábět chemickou reakcí přímo během napeouštění sondy).  +
-  * Splnění požadavků na bezpečnost provozu (letovou, majetkovou a personální)+
  
-=== Firmware === 
  
-  * Záznam dat v gondole balónu -> mikroSD karta+=== Block Diagram === 
 +{{:en:schema_atmega1_ang.png?400|}}
  
  
-=== Blokové schéma === +==== Legal requirements ====
-{{:cs:schema_atmega1.png?400|}}+
  
 +The rules for free unmanned balloon flights are defined in the aviation regulations "L-2 Pravidla létání", appendix 5 and R.
  
-==== Legislativní požadavky ====+=== Balloon Classes ===
  
-Pravidla pro lety volných balónů bez pilota jsou definovány v leteckých předpisech L-2 Pravidla létaní, dodatek 5 a R. +The balloon should be of B2 class, that is defined as a free balloon with the volume under 3,25 m^3 and none of the dimensions exceeding 2m when inflated to its maximal size.  
  
-=== Kategorie balónu ===+=== Launch permission ===
  
-Balón by měl spadat do kategorie B2, která je definována jako volný balón s objemem menším než 3,25 m^3, přičemž žádný z rozměrů balónu nepřekračuje 2 m. Rozměr 2 m je rozměr při jeho maximálním naplnění/roztažení.+An useful load refers to all the objects and materials that could, in an event of a collision with an aircraft, cause a damage to the aircraft (especially sparkles, glowstics,LEDs etc.) and any load exceeding a weigh of 0.1 kg. 
 +Due to this definition, a permission must be obtained in order to operate the balloon. All the information concerning the flight (like date, time and place of discharge, useful load, etc.) has to be published in Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP). In the case of special instances, like an __unexpected observation__, a warning must be issued in the form of a NOTAM notice, at least 24 hours before the balloon's take-off.
  
-=== Povolení vypuštění ===+=== Materials ===
  
-Užitečné zatížení představují předměty a materiály, které by v případě střetu s letadlem mohly způsobit poškození letadla (zejména prskavky, svítící tyčinky, lámací světla, LED diody apod.) a jakékoliv zatížení o hmotnosti přesahující 0,1 kg.  +The balloon must not be filled with flammable and explosive gases, with the exception of a permission issued by CAA ([[http://www.caa.cz/index.php?lang=2]]). 
-Vzhledem k této definici bude nutné mít pro provoz balónu povolení. Všechny informace ohledně letu (jako je datum, čas, místo vypuštění, užitečné zatížení atp.) musí být zveřejněny v Letecké informační příručce (AIP). Pro vypuštění ve zvláštních případech, jako je mimořádné pozorování, je potřeba upozornit prostřednictvím navigační výstrahy formou zprávy NOTAM, která se musí podat minimálně 24 hodin před vzletem balónu.+Restrictions on the materials used for antennae and batteries are not specified. Such restrictions are not specified for the materials used for the balloon as well, but when using a balloon with high luminosity or made of materials with high light or radar reflectivity, it must be reported to nearest air traffic control centre. A material (a rope, a thread) connecting the balloon with the sonde must not tolerate a force exceeding 230N.  
  
-=== Materiály ===+=== Ascent altitude ===
  
-Balón nesmí být plněn hořlavými a výbušnými plyny s výjimkou povolení ÚCL. +Without limits.
-Omezení pro materiál antény ani baterií nejsou definovány.  +
-Materiál balónu také není definován, ale při použití balónu o vysoké svítivosti nebo zhotoveného z materiálů o velké světelné nebo radarové odrazivosti musí být oznámeno nejbližšímu stanovišti letových provozních služeb. +
-Materiál (lano, provázek) spojující balón se sondou nesmí vydržet větší sílu než 230N.+
  
-=== Dostup ===+=== Deployment site ===
  
-Pro dostup nejsou omezení.+The restrictions include all Prohibited, Restricted and Dangerous areas, as well as temporarily activated areas during their use, except when a permit has been issued by Civil Aviation Authority or when the area is reserved for the flight of the balloon in question. Operations close to the state borders or airports are problematic and as such are not recommended.   
  
-=== Místo vypuštění ===+=== Solving legal problems ===
  
-Omezení se týká všech Zakázaných, Nebezpečných a Omezených prostorů, stejně jako dočasně aktivovaných prostorů v době jejich používaní, s výjimkou kdy tak povolí ÚCL nebo kdy je prostor vyhrazen pro let předmětného balónu. Provoz balónu blízko hranic a letišť je problematický, nedoporučuje se. 
  
 +  * To design a safe balloon, that will meet the CAA flight safety requirements.
 +  * To control the ascent and actively prevent a possible collision. (This system could as well simplify the return of the balloon, similar to this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpBnurznFio ) 
 +  * Autodestruction system activated in the case of impending collision.
 +  
 +===== Network's control system =====
  
-=== Řešení legislativních problémů ===+The configuration and the control of the network should be provided by [[cs:programming_tasks&#framework_pro_distribuovane_merici_projekty|an universal framework for distributed measurements]]. 
  
  
-  * Navrhnout bezpečnou sondu, která splní požadavky ÚCL na bezpečnost letu.  +==== Launch Planning ====
-  * Řídit stoupání a aktivně zabránit vzniku kolize. (Takový systém by mohl zároveň zjednodušit návrat sondy podobně jako zde http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpBnurznFio )  +
-  * Autodestrukce při hrozící srážce. +
-===== Řídící systém sítě =====+
  
-Konfigurace a řízení sítě by mělo být zajištěno [[cs:programming_tasks&#framework_pro_distribuovane_merici_projekty|univerzálním frameworkem pro distribuovaná měření]]. +The launch of the balloons must be planned automatically with regard to the effectiveness of the measurement and the air traffic safety as well.
  
 +=== Aviation maps ===
  
 +  * [[http://skyvector.com/|SkyVector]]
 +  * [[http://openaviationmap.org/|Open Aviation Map]]
 +  * [[http://lis.rlp.cz/ais_data/aip/data/valid/e6-3.pdf|Aeronautical information service]] - AIP chapter ENR 6.
  
 +Other maps are mostly scanned versions of originally paper aviation maps and so are not suitable for automatic planning. 
 +
 +===== Documentation =====
 +
 +[[http://www.mlab.cz/Designs/Measuring_instruments/ABL01A/DOC/ABL01A.cs.pdf|The project's summary technical report]]
 +
 +==== Technical documentation ====
 +
 +The project's technical documentation is saved in SVN repository at MLAB: http://svn.mlab.cz/svnmlab/Designs/Measuring_instruments/ABL01A/
 +
 +  svn://svn.mlab.cz/MLAB/Designs/Measuring_instruments/ABL01A/
 +  
 +==== Project management ====
 +
 +For tasks management and supervision of their implementation we use [[http://www.mlab.cz/redmine/| Redmine]]. 
 +
 +Documents and presentations concerning project management are stored here:
 +
 +  svn co https://lynx1.felk.cvut.cz/svn-students/pto/pto-13138-1 svnPTO 
 +  
 +
 +==== Project presentations ====
 +
 +  - [[http://prezi.com/bnhig7zmyoin/automaticky-vypousteny-meteobalon/|Introduction]]
 +  - [[http://prezi.com/8hxyotflpfzt/2-prezentace-abl01a/|First results]]
 +  - [[http://prezi.com/3d4t973s-tk0/iro-automaticky-vypoustec-meteobalonu/|Experimental working prototype]]
 +
 +=== Videos ===
 +
 +  * [[http://youtu.be/yZOg_d113f8|Test of the prototype]]
 +
 +=== Photos ===
 +
 +  * [[https://picasaweb.google.com/109626411951658757207/AutovypoustecMeteobalonuABL01A?noredirect=1|Prototype construction and testing ]]
 +
 +===== Implementation means =====
 +
 +==== People ====
 +
 +The project is carried out by the team of several ČVUT students from Department of Measurement and Department of Cybernetics.
 +
 +
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/pomiceva/|Bc. Eva Pomíchalová]]  -  Air and Space Systems 
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/kakonjak/|Bc. Jakub Kákona]] -  Air and Space Systems  
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/poskozby/|Bc. Zbyněk Poskočil]] - Sensors and measurement
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/hanuson1/|Bc. Ondřej Hanuš]] -  Air and Space Systems  
 +  * [[https://usermap.cvut.cz/profile/jichapav/|Bc. Pavel Jícha]] - Cybernetics and Robotics
 +
 +==== Technical support ====
 +
 +Most parts of the project were provided by [[http://www.ust.cz/|Universal Scientific Technologies s.r.o.]] {{ :logo_ust.png?nolink|Universal Scientific Technologies s.r.o.}}
 +
 +Suppliers of the construction equipment:
 +
 +  * [[http://macgyver.sh.cvut.cz/|MacGyver – bastlíři SH]]
 +  * [[http://aerospace.fsik.cvut.cz/?f_lng=en|Department of Aerospace Engineering]]
 +
 +
 +===== References =====
 +
 +  * [[http://portal.chmi.cz/files/portal/docs/meteo/oa/sondaz_PTU_vitr.html|ČHMÚ measurements]].  
 +
 +==== Similar projects ====
 +
 +  - http://projecthorus.org/ http://blog.czanso.com/ http://chab.chytry.info/
 +  - http://www.airshipclub.com/folie.php
 +
 +==== TODO ====
 +
 +  * A sounding rocket could be a future improvement of the project.
 + 
en/abl.1375950435.txt.gz · Last modified: 2013/08/08 08:27 (external edit)