en:navody
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en:navody [2019/01/27 08:51] – fluktuacia | en:navody [2023/01/15 12:59] (current) – [General hints concerning modules] 94.112.192.193 | ||
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- | FIXME **This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation.**\\ //(remove this paragraph once the translation is finished)// | + | ====== General hints for use of MLAB modules ====== |
- | ====== General hints concerning | + | This page sums up the possibilities and means of MLAB modules' use. The individual paragraphs contain various different applications and special cases. |
- | This pages sums up the possibilities and means of MLAB modules use. The individual paragraphs contain various different applications and special cases. | + | Beginners can make use of [[en: |
- | + | ||
- | Beginners can make us of [[en: | + | |
===== Obtaining a module ===== | ===== Obtaining a module ===== | ||
- | In order to begin a construction, | + | In order to begin construction, |
===== Tools ===== | ===== Tools ===== | ||
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==== Mechanical tools ==== | ==== Mechanical tools ==== | ||
- | Work with MLAB modules requires only basic mechanical tools: a hexagonal socket wrench | + | Work with MLAB modules requires only basic mechanical tools: a hexagonal socket wrench 5.5 mm with a knurled edge for tightening using a hand, a hex key (in the case of older models a cross screwdriver), and a lot of M3 nuts. |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== Multimeter === | === Multimeter === | ||
- | Multimeter | + | A multimeter |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== Oscilloscope === | === Oscilloscope === | ||
- | An oscilloscope is very useful tool when tuning any signal system. We use a following Rigol DS1052E, which, in its basic version, is 50MHz, but a firmware change can update it to 100MHz. | + | An oscilloscope is a very useful tool when tuning any signal system. We use the following Rigol DS1052E, which, in its basic version, is 50MHz, but a firmware change can update it to 100MHz. |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== Soldering iron === | === Soldering iron === | ||
- | A soldering iron is not necessary for most of the MLAB constructions, | + | A soldering iron is not necessary for most of the MLAB constructions, |
{{: | {{: | ||
- | It is even possible to agree on purchasing a 100W version with parameters exceeding even high class micro soldering irons from Weller. | + | It is even possible to agree on purchasing a 100W version with parameters exceeding even high-class micro soldering irons from Weller. |
- | When soldering | + | When soldering |
{{: | {{: | ||
- | When buying a transformer soldering iron, make sure you are buying | + | When buying a transformer soldering iron, make sure you are buying one with a horizontal soldering tip, as shown in the picture. Transformer soldering irons with vertical tips are more suitable for sheet soldering or welding/ |
- | **All types of soldering irons require a tube tin and a flux, otherwise they will not work properly.** For more information see chapter flux at [[http:// | + | **All types of soldering irons require a tube tin and a flux, otherwise, they will not work properly.** For more information see the -[[http:// |
=== An aid for smoke extraction === | === An aid for smoke extraction === | ||
- | During any soldering, the evaporated flux creates a very unpleasant smoke that irritates the respiratory tract. One of the solutions is to build a simple aid from an older PC ventilator. Connect it to an adjustable power supply and set it on a table in a way that it would blow the some away from the soldering workplace. In order to reduce | + | During any soldering, the evaporated flux creates a very unpleasant smoke that irritates the respiratory tract. One of the solutions is to build a simple aid from an older PC ventilator. Connect it to an adjustable power supply and set it on a table in a way that it would blow the smoke away from the soldering workplace. In order to reduce |
==== Using the tools ==== | ==== Using the tools ==== | ||
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=== Connecting the oscilloscope probe === | === Connecting the oscilloscope probe === | ||
- | An oscilloscope’s probe ground can be easily connected to a MLAB kit thanks to the base [[en: | + | An oscilloscope’s probe ground can be easily connected to an MLAB kit thanks to the base [[en: |
- | The signal probe input can be connected to MLAB in a following way: the connecting cable is cut to half, part of the cable is stripped of an insulation and a crimp pin connector is crimped onto the cable. Now the cable, via the crimp pin connector, can be easily attached to the probe’s hook and its second end with the original PC terminal, can be connected to the pinch outlets of all modules. | + | The signal probe input can be connected to MLAB in the following way: the connecting cable is cut in half, part of the cable is stripped of insulation and a crimp pin connector is crimped onto the cable. Now the cable, via the crimp pin connector, can be easily attached to the probe’s hook and its second end with the original PC terminal can be connected to the pinch outlets of all modules. |
===== Connecting of modules ===== | ===== Connecting of modules ===== | ||
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==== Power supply ==== | ==== Power supply ==== | ||
- | Powering | + | Power provided |
=== Power supply up to +5V === | === Power supply up to +5V === | ||
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== 3.3V == | == 3.3V == | ||
- | Power voltage | + | The power voltage |
=== Voltage higher than +5V === | === Voltage higher than +5V === | ||
- | This category usually involves 7.2 (2x Li-ion cell) or +12V (lead-acid battery or other power supplies). For safety reasons it is therefore led via a yellow (+) and black (-) cable, following | + | This category usually involves 7.2 (2x Li-ion cell) or +12V (lead-acid battery or other power supplies). For safety reasons, it is therefore led via a yellow (+) and black (-) cable, following |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== Symmetrical power supply === | === Symmetrical power supply === | ||
- | This kind of power supply, conventionally +12V and -12V, is used in analogue | + | This kind of power supply, conventionally +12V and -12V, is used in analog |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== High voltage power supply === | === High voltage power supply === | ||
- | In cases where we work with high currents (up to tens of Amperes) and, at the same time, high voltages (tens of Volts) (a typical example is a robot’s drive powered from an accumulator), | + | In cases where we work with high currents (up to tens of Amperes) and, at the same time, high voltages (tens of Volts) (a typical example is a robot’s drive powered from an accumulator), |
=== Very high voltage power supply === | === Very high voltage power supply === | ||
- | It includes power voltage in range of hundreds volts to ones of kV. Such powering | + | It includes power voltage in the range of hundreds |
==== High-frequency signals ==== | ==== High-frequency signals ==== | ||
=== Asymmetrical signals === | === Asymmetrical signals === | ||
- | Analogue VF signals are distributed in MLAB via a classic VF Pigtail usually made form coax RG-174 with both ends having a screw-type SMA (Male) connector. | + | Analogue VF signals are distributed in MLAB via a classic VF Pigtail usually made from coax RG-174 with both ends having a screw-type SMA (Male) connector. |
{{: | {{: | ||
- | **Caution** the connector in the picture contains a sample error - a missing shrinking tube over a crimped connector ferrule. Without it, there is gradual breaking of the cable sheet from the connector. | + | **Caution** the connector in the picture contains a sample error - a missing shrinking tube over a crimped connector ferrule. Without it, there is the gradual breaking of the cable sheet from the connector. |
- | **Crimped connectors’ ferrules have to be proteced | + | **Crimped connectors’ ferrules have to be protected |
=== Differential symmetrical signals | === Differential symmetrical signals | ||
- | Fast digital signals, such as those of AD converters’ clocks or sequence circuits, are in MLAB usually distributed differentially in order to limit interference. We usually use PECL or LVDS logic. Signals are lead via a standard direct | + | Fast digital signals, such as those of AD converters’ clocks or sequence circuits, are in MLAB usually distributed differentially in order to limit interference. We usually use PECL or LVDS logic. Signals are led via a standard direct SATA cable - chosen for its defined impedance and good availability. |
{{: | {{: | ||
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==== Digital buses ==== | ==== Digital buses ==== | ||
- | Digital buses, such as I2C, TWI or 1-wire are distributed between the modules via standard cables, usually only adjusted so that one plastic | + | Digital buses, such as I2C, TWI, or 1-wire are distributed between the modules via standard cables, usually only adjusted so that one plastic |
===== Maintenance and cleaning ===== | ===== Maintenance and cleaning ===== | ||
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==== Interconnecting cables ==== | ==== Interconnecting cables ==== | ||
- | Due to a gradual wear by a mechanical switching, the interconnecting cables’ connectors | + | Due to gradual wear by mechanical switching, the interconnecting cables’ connectors |
- | The above-mentioned state can be repaired by | + | The above-mentioned state can be repaired by slight deforming of the connector spring by using a screwdriver or other similar tool. The procedure is done from outside at the connector' |
- | + | ||
- | U propojovacích kablíků se v důsledku jejich postupného opotřebení mechanickým přepojováním snižuje vodivost jejich konektorů. Trvá řádově několik stovek zapojení, než se tento jev projeví, ale může být urychlen například neopatrnou přepravou zapojených konstrukcí, | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Tento stav lze napravit opětovným napružením kontaktu konektoru šroubovákem, | + | |
==== Modules ==== | ==== Modules ==== | ||
- | Most of the modules | + | Most of the modules |
- | <WRAP info> It is not possible to use electrostatic duster for a dust removal as it might cause a destruction of certain electronic circuits in modules </ | + | <WRAP info> It is not possible to use an electrostatic duster for dust removal as it might cause the destruction of certain electronic circuits in modules </ |
- | When a module is extremely dirty, it can be cleaned | + | When a module is extremely dirty, it can be cleaned |
===== External connectors ===== | ===== External connectors ===== | ||
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Power supplies may also use a PC standard [[http:// | Power supplies may also use a PC standard [[http:// | ||
- | In case of having a power supply supplied only from batteries, it is better to use e.g. BATPOWER02A module. When connecting accumulators, | + | In the case of having a power supply supplied only from batteries, it is better to use e.g. BATPOWER02A module. When connecting accumulators, |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== Screw terminal === | === Screw terminal === | ||
- | There are two widespread | + | There are two widespread |
- | The first type is more common mostly due to its low price. However, thanks to using a sheet metal washer under screws, it is not possible to fasten a naked wire of small diameter well into this type of screw terminal. Furthermore, | + | The first type is more common mostly due to its low price. However, thanks to using a sheet metal washer under screws, it is not possible to fasten a naked wire of a small diameter well into this type of screw terminal. Furthermore, |
{{: | {{: | ||
- | The second type is more expensive, but does not experience the above mentioned problems. Furthermore, | + | The second type is more expensive but does not experience the above-mentioned problems. Furthermore, |
{{: | {{: | ||
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=== Spring terminal block === | === Spring terminal block === | ||
- | Spring terminal | + | Spring terminal |
- | One of the commonly used spring terminal | + | One of the commonly used spring terminal |
{{: | {{: | ||
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==== High-frequency signals ==== | ==== High-frequency signals ==== | ||
- | High-frequency signals are led to external devices in the same way as they are between modules - via coaxial | + | High-frequency signals are led to external devices in the same way as they are between modules - via coaxial |
- | In order to connect distant devices, such as receiving | + | |
+ | In order to connect distant devices, such as receiving | ||
==== Data connectors ==== | ==== Data connectors ==== | ||
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=== USB === | === USB === | ||
- | The most widely | + | The most widely |
{{: | {{: | ||
- | Using an USB connector on a module requires placing a current fuse into the charing | + | Using a USB connector on a module requires placing a current fuse into the charging |
=== RS-232 === | === RS-232 === | ||
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=== RS-485 === | === RS-485 === | ||
- | + | In industry, this bus is used with terminal blocks. Therefore it is practical to use e.g. [[en: | |
- | V průmyslu se se na tuto sběrnici používají svorkovnice. Vhodné tak je použít například modul [[cs: | + | |
=== CAN === | === CAN === | ||
- | Pro rozvod sběrnice | + | To distribute |
- | ===== Testovací konstrukce ===== | + | |
- | ==== Standardní uspořádání | + | ===== Test constructions ===== |
- | Testovací konstrukce se skládají na některou ze [[cs: | + | ==== Standard arrangement ==== |
- | {{:mlab_plc_board.jpeg? | + | Test constructions consist of one of the [[en:base1621|base boards]]. |
+ | {{: | ||
- | ==== Měřící uspořádání ==== | ||
- | Tento způsob montáže kdy se na uchycení rohových šroubů modulů využijí úhelníky například ze stavebnice | + | ==== Measuring arrangement ==== |
+ | |||
+ | The following way of assembly, when we use structural shapes, for example, from the [[https:// | ||
{{: | {{: | ||
- | ==== Přímé skládání | + | ==== Direct mounting |
- | Moduly lze také šroubovat přímo k sobě což je výhodné zejména pro nenáročné konstrukce z několika modulů podobné velikosti. | + | |
+ | Modules can also be screwed directly into each other, a feature advantageous mainly for undemanding constructions made of several modules of similar size. | ||
{{: | {{: | ||
- | ==== Věžové uspořádání ==== | ||
- | Kovové MLAB desky lze pomocí závitových tyčí skládat i na sebe, což šetří místo na pracovním stole a umožňuje tvorbu komplikovanějších a rozsáhlejších systémů.. | + | ==== Tower arrangement ==== |
- | {{: | + | Metal MLAB mounts can be stacked with one another using threaded rods. Such an arrangement saves space and enables the construction of more complicated and large-scale systems. |
+ | {{: | ||
- | Použité závitové tyče jsou M5 a každá deska je na tyči uchycena maticí ze shora i zespoda. Mezi deskou | + | The threaded rods used in the example are of M5 type and each board is fastened by a nut from above and below. There are washers between the board and the nuts. There is a spring washer used with one of the nuts. The cutting length in the case of two boards above each other is 12 cm. This length was chosen because a 1m threaded rod can be divided into 8 columns and there is 4cm left for cutout and tolerance. |
- | ===== Permanentní zařízení | + | ===== Permanent installations |
- | Permanentní, | + | We can easily construct permanent or semi-permanent installations from the kit by screwing the tuned constructions with the baseboard to the bottom of the junction box. In order to increase the resistance against vibrations we can glue the přívody k hřebíkům (??) with a hot-melt adhesive and tie the cables to the base with a cable tie. Such construction is relatively cheap and, at the same time, robust and adjustable if necessary. |
- | ==== Samostatná konstrukce | + | ==== Stand-alone construction |
- | Modulovou konstrukci můžeme snadno umístit do kovové krabice | + | We can easily fit the module construction in the [[en: |
{{: | {{: | ||
- | ==== Instalace do rozvaděče | + | ==== Installation into the distribution board ==== |
- | Moduly je též možné podobným způsobem instalovat do nízkonapěťových částí elektrických rozvaděčů. V dobrém elektru lze sehnat plastové svorky použitelné k uchycení na DIN lištu. | + | In a similar manner, modules can be installed in the low-voltage parts of distribution boards. You can use plastic clips (??) (available at good electro shops) to attach them to a DIN panel. |
- | {{: | + | {{: |
- | ==== Instalace do elektroinstalační krabice | + | ==== Installation into the electrical box ==== |
- | Elektroinstalační krabici lze využít podobným způsobem, jako rozvaděč ovšem s výhodou, že v krabici obvykle není problém s uchycením | + | An electrical box can be used in a similar way as a distribution board with one exception - there is usually not any problem with attaching the [[en:base1621|base board]]. |
- | {{: | + | {{: |
- | ===== Vzorové konstrukce | + | ===== Sample construction |
- | * [[http:// | + | * [[http:// |
- | * [[http:// | + | * [[http:// |
- | * [[cs: | + | * [[en: |
- | * [[cs: | + | * [[en: |
en/navody.1548579115.txt.gz · Last modified: 2019/01/27 08:51 by fluktuacia