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====== Visual Meteor Detection Station VMDS01A ======

===== Technical equipment =====

Following technical equipment is used by a visual meteor detection amateur network [[http://cement.fireball.sk/test-kamery-kpf-131-hr/|CEMeNt]].

==== Lens ====

The lens has to be sufficiently wide angled and luminous - conditions so far best met by [[http://www.t-cz.com/cctv-lens-tokina-3-8-2-mm-f0-98-ir-_d5404.html|Tokina 3-8.2 mm F0.98 (IR)]].

==== A use of KPF 131HR camera ====

[[http://www.elnika.cz/elnika.php?p=cze/specifikace-produktu/12316|KPF 131HR camera]] is originally designed for building surveillance and thus requires several technical changes in order to make is suitable for usage.

=== IR filter removal from CCD chip ===

The most essential change of the camera is the removal of the IR cut filter. Proceed as follows:

{{:cs:designs:vmds:opening_kpf131hr_camera.jpg?direct&200|}} {{:cs:designs:vmds:kpf131hr_camera_opened.jpg?direct&200|}}  {{:cs:designs:vmds:ccd_chip_umounting.jpg?direct&200|CCD chip un-mouting}} {{:cs:designs:vmds:ccd_chip_light_sealing.jpg?direct&200|CCD chip light sealing removing}} {{:cs:designs:vmds:camera_ircut.jpg?direct&200|IR cut filter on chip}} 
{{:cs:designs:vmds:ircut_filter_removing.jpg?direct&200|IR cut filter removing}} {{:cs:designs:vmds:ircut_filter_removing_complete.jpg?direct&200|Removed IR filter}} {{:cs:designs:vmds:light_seal_return.jpg?direct&200|Returning the light seal}}

=== LED disconnecting ===

At the back of the camera you find a continuously shining LED, that might cause reflections from the front cover glass at night. It is therefore recommended to disconnect it during the IR filter removal.

{{:cs:designs:vmds:removing_led_supply.jpg?direct&200|Unsoldering the resistance powering the LED}}

=== Camera settings ===

PRC correction? Dark frame?

Before usage the camera has to be set as follows:

* exposition 1/50 s 
  * aperture control DC
  * BW regime
  * AGC to middle
  * brightness ca. 75

==== ImagingSource camera  ====

The manual uses [[http://www.theimagingsource.com/en_US/products/cameras/usb-ccd-color/dfk72auc02/|DFK 72AUC02]] camera.

=== How to make the camera work in Ubuntu ===

- https://github.com/TheImagingSource/tiscamera/wiki/Getting%20Started%20with%20USB%20cameras
     upgrade of the camera firmware was done according to instructions with 2 exceptions:
      - git clone https://github.com/TheImagingSource/tiscamera.git
      - sudo ./euvccam-fw -u ../../data/firmware/usb2/dmk72uc02_129.euvc

Now it is possible to see the camera in /dev/video0

2. Further it is necessary to install ucview [[http://rsbotics.wordpress.com/2012/05/18/how-to-get-a-working-version-of-unicap-and-ucview/|exactly according to instructions]] and then to install libunicapgtk2 from
Ubuntu repository.

sudo apt-get install git autoconf libtool libgettextpo0 gettext gtk-doc-tools libraw1394-dev libpango1.0-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libxv-dev  libgtk2.0-dev libgconf2-dev libglade2-dev libglade2.0 libglademm-2.4-dev libgstreamer-ocaml-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev
  
  git clone https://github.com/unicap/unicap.git ; cd unicap
  cd libunicap
  ./autogen.sh ; ./configure ; make ; sudo make install
  cd ../libucil
  ./autogen.sh ;  ./configure; make; sudo make install
  cd ../libunicapgtk/
  ./autogen.sh ;  ./configure; make; sudo make install

Compile the ucview.

git clone https://github.com/kaklik/ucview ; cd ucview/trunk
  cd ucview
  ./autogen.sh;  ./configure; make; sudo make install
  cd ../ucview-plugins/
  ./autogen.sh; ./configure; make; sudo make install

make; sudo make install

To test if everything got compiled fine run	
  ucview

Note: On some system you may need root privileges while running ucview to get your camera working.

=== Issues with the currently used cameras ===

* Signal transmission is not possible over longer distances (in orders of meters). This means that computer has to be very close to the cameras usually under often problematic weather conditions.
  * Small angular resolution of camera
  * Small dynamic range

=== TODO ===

* Software for synthesized all sky camera.

==== Protection of camera ====

Camera placed in a way that it has a direct view to the ecliptic has to be protected against direct sunshine that may damage the CCD chip.

It is customary to use a timer, that would close a camera shutter during a day by means of cutting off the power source.
[[http://eshop.elkoep.cz/sht-4-----detail-8BW0000101.aspx|time protection of camera from the direct sunlight]]

This method is not very advantageous because of the additional timer, that could be replaced by the station's computer. Moreover, the situation could be addressed using the same method as in [[en:mrakomer4|MRAKOMĚRu4]].

===== Software =====

==== MetRec ====

[[http://www.metrec.org/|MetRec]] is a freeware software that uses its own Matrox Meteor II card (has to be purchased) to grab the signal.

==== UFOCapture ====

[[http://sonotaco.com/soft/e_index.html|UFOCapture]] is a proprietary software for Windows. It works with any grabbing hardware.

==== AZcendant ====

[[http://www.azcendant.com/MotionDetection.html|HandyAVI]]

==== Visual observer ====

The drawbacks of the currently used programmes for automatic detection of meteor trails could be addressed by a new OpenSource software. It is so far still just a concept - comments are found here: 
 [[http://www.mlab.cz/redmine/projects/visob|Redmine]].

A final version of detection software should use an [[en:opsa|OPSA01A]] based camera as an visual data input.

=== The synthesis of all-sky image ===

All-sky camera system (composed of more cameras) directly plots a coordinate system to the captured image depending on the current time. At the same time it is possible to use an automatic detection of key objects found in the image.

===== Data usage =====

==== Bolidozor ====

[[http://wiki.bolidozor.cz|Bolidozor network]] can make use of the observed data to detect and further search for the bolides.

==== Meteorology ====

Because station's cameras should be directed in a way that they cover the whole sky, the data can be theoretically used for meteorological applications. Cloud cover observed at small distances from below can provide useful information concerning the occurrence of updrafts, storm parameters or moving of fronts.

Using photometry we can measure the height of cloud base, its thickness or the extent of the cloud cover.

Other useful output may be the measure of the concentration of dust and aerosols in the atmosphere.

==== 3D image reconstruction ====

* [[http://openmvg.readthedocs.org/en/latest/software/MVS/MVS/|OpenMVG]]
  * [[https://github.com/albertcheng/bundler_sfm|Bundler]]
  * [[https://github.com/kml27/insight3d/tree/master/insight3d|insight3d]]

===== References =====

* [[http://cement.fireball.sk/|CEMeNt]] network
  * An illustration of [[http://www.astrozor.cz/index.php?udalost=56|station realisation on Svákov observatory]]

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