MLAB wiki

User Tools

Site Tools

Trace:
en:aws

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
en:aws [2014/08/18 18:14] – [Common difficulties] fluktuaciaen:aws [Unknown date] (current) – external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== Automatic weather station AWS01B ======+====== Automatic weather station AWS02A ======
  
 An autonomous weather station with its own auto-diagnostics. The station is designed to work in remote areas together with other scientific instruments like robotic telescopes or[[cs:programming_tasks| other measurement stations]]. An autonomous weather station with its own auto-diagnostics. The station is designed to work in remote areas together with other scientific instruments like robotic telescopes or[[cs:programming_tasks| other measurement stations]].
Line 7: Line 7:
 Apart from these technically still unsolved problems, there are other reasons to design such station - most notably an absence of serious OpenSource-hardware solution for meteorological data collection providing data for [[http://openweathermap.org/|OpenWeatherMap]] network. (([[http://www.slideshare.net/Dennsy/gisconf-2012|OpenWeatherMap on the Open GIS Conference 2012]])) Apart from these technically still unsolved problems, there are other reasons to design such station - most notably an absence of serious OpenSource-hardware solution for meteorological data collection providing data for [[http://openweathermap.org/|OpenWeatherMap]] network. (([[http://www.slideshare.net/Dennsy/gisconf-2012|OpenWeatherMap on the Open GIS Conference 2012]]))
  
 +
 +===== Sensor construction =====
 +
 +V této verzi stanice bylo ustoupeno od pokusů používat standardní komerční snímače vesměs uzpůsobené k vestavění do konkrétní proprietární meteostanice daného výrobce. Místo toho jsou navrhovány vlastní konstrukce snímačů a jejich zakrytování.
 +
 +==== Stevenson Screen ====
 +
 +Prvním navrženým snímačem je radiační štít tisknutelný na 3D tiskárně.  Štít je navržen v programu [[cs:tools|OpenSCAD]] a jeho zdrojové soubory jsou v SVN repozitáři MLABu. Výtisk na následujících snímcích je z biodegradabilního [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylactic_acid|materiálu PLA]].
 +
 +{{ :cs:designs:meteo:weather_screen_top.jpg?direct&300 |}}
 +{{ :cs:designs:meteo:weather_screen_bottom.jpg?direct&300 |}}
 +
 +
 +=== Ultrasound anemometer ===
 +
 +  * http://hackaday.com/2013/08/21/ultrasonic-anemometer-for-an-absurdly-accurate-weather-station/
 +  * http://www.technik.dhbw-ravensburg.de/~lau/ultrasonic-anemometer.html
 +
 +====== Automatická meteostanice AWS01B ======
 +
 +Tato konstrukce využívá meteorologická čidla ze stanice wh1080.  Jejich vyčítání je řešeno Microchip [[cs:pic16f87xtq44|PIC]] MCU. Od této konstrukce je postupně upouštěno z důvodu špatné dostupnosti náhradních mechanických dílů, jejich kvalitě a omezeným možnostem MCU. Ostatní kvalitní v této konstrukci ověřené snímače jsou však přeneseny do následující verze.
  
 ===== Sensors ===== ===== Sensors =====
Line 60: Line 81:
 ==== Snow precipitation ==== ==== Snow precipitation ====
  
-According to demands of a weather station operator, there is a wide variety of parameters that can be measured.  +According to requirements of a weather station operator, a wide variety of snow parameters can be measured.  
  
 === Height === === Height ===
Line 78: Line 99:
 ==== Humidity ==== ==== Humidity ====
  
-Humidity sensors are positioned in radiation shield. +Humidity sensors are located in radiation shield. 
  
 [[cs:sht25v|SHT25V01A]] - sensor with I²C output and optional self-testing by heating of the measuring element.   [[cs:sht25v|SHT25V01A]] - sensor with I²C output and optional self-testing by heating of the measuring element.  
Line 95: Line 116:
 ==== Temperature ==== ==== Temperature ====
  
-Measuring the temperature of air, although being one of the most important function of the station, is in some cases performed incorrectly - e.g. by letting the Sun influence the value. A solution to this problem is so-called radiation shield, which prevents the effect of radiation on the sensor.+Measuring the temperature of the air, although being one of the most important function of the station, is in some cases performed incorrectly - e.g. by letting the Sun influence the value. A solution to this problem is so-called radiation shield, which prevents the effect of radiation on the sensor.
  
-Apart from commonly used [[cs:wire_sensors#mereni_teploty|DS18B20]]  sensor, a more modern option exists as well - [[cs:lts|LTS01A]]+Apart from commonly used [[cs:wire_sensors#mereni_teploty|DS18B20]] sensor, a more modern option exists as well - [[cs:lts|LTS01A]]
  
 ==== Pressure ==== ==== Pressure ====
Line 126: Line 147:
 === Luminous flux === === Luminous flux ===
  
-Use of photovoltaic cell, measuring output in W/m². +Use of a photovoltaic cell, measuring output in W/m². 
  
 === UV index === === UV index ===
Line 151: Line 172:
 ==== Chemical sensors ==== ==== Chemical sensors ====
  
-  * Gas detection CO, CO2, N2... H2S, CH4.. [[http://www.ti.com/lsds/ti/data-converters/sensor-afe-products.page?paramCriteria=no#p158=Serial%20I2C|Sensor AFE]]+  * Gas detection CO, CO2, N2... H2S, CH4.. [[http://www.ti.com/lsds/ti/data-converters/sensor-afe-products.page?paramCriteria=no#p158=Serial%20I2C|AFE Sensor]]
   * PH-meter   * PH-meter
  
 ===== Communication interface ===== ===== Communication interface =====
  
-The weather station has several possibilities of connection and communication interface with other devices. +The weather station has several possibilities for interfaces to connect and communicate with other devices.
 ==== RS232/RS485 ==== ==== RS232/RS485 ====
  
-Modules  [[cs:rs232single|RS232SINGLE01A]] or [[cs:ttlrs485|TTLRS48501A]] and microcontroller are suitable to establish a connection depending on the application complexity.+Modules  [[cs:rs232single|RS232SINGLE01A]] or [[cs:ttlrs485|TTLRS48501A]] with microcontroller are suitable to establish a connection depending on the application complexity.
  
 ==== Ethernet ==== ==== Ethernet ====
Line 178: Line 198:
 === I²C master === === I²C master ===
  
-In this case, the entire device acts as [[cs:usbi2c| I²C to USB converter]], with reading from individual sensors implemented by program running in USB HOST device. The advantage of this design lies in possibility of obtaining relatively precise information about an absolute time in which the values were measured. Furthermore, changes in software and configuration can be done simply by updating the control program without a risky firmware replacement.+In this case, the entire device acts as [[cs:usbi2c| I²C to USB converter]], with reading from individual sensors implemented by program running at USB HOST device. The advantage of this design lies in possibility of obtaining relatively precise information about an absolute time in which the values were measured. Furthermore, changes in software and configuration can be done simply by updating the control program without a risky firmware replacement.
  
 === Emulated COM port === === Emulated COM port ===
Line 205: Line 225:
  
  
-===== Reading of measured values =====+===== Reading of the measured values =====
  
 This design offers a possibility of connecting variety of sensors, which are initialised at every station startup. It uses [[cs:i2c|I²C bus]]  with [[cs:i2chub|I2CHUB02A]] module and predefined set of sensors. This design offers a possibility of connecting variety of sensors, which are initialised at every station startup. It uses [[cs:i2c|I²C bus]]  with [[cs:i2chub|I2CHUB02A]] module and predefined set of sensors.
Line 224: Line 244:
 ===== Auto diagnostics ===== ===== Auto diagnostics =====
  
-Necessary to implement algorithms controlling mutual correlations of measured values and to detect anomalies.+Still necessary to implement algorithms controlling mutual correlations of measured values and to detect anomalies.
  
-  * Wind direction can not change without speed indication by anemometer.+  * Wind direction can not change without speed indication from anemometer.
  
  
Line 266: Line 286:
 ===== Output data format ===== ===== Output data format =====
  
-Ideal output data should be compatible with of the already used meteorological data protocols:+Ideal output data should be compatible with one of the already used meteorological data protocols:
  
   * NMEA   * NMEA
Line 277: Line 297:
 ==== Data recording ==== ==== Data recording ====
  
-Data measured by weather station should be recorded and displayed locally. That is why a program serving the weather station should run either on local computer or directly on weather station processor. In the latter case, the weather station would probably run a web server as well, which could provide local data previews and send them to collection network.+Data measured by weather station should be recorded and displayed locally. That is why a program serving the weather station should run either on local computer or directly on weather station processor. In the latter case, the weather station would probably run a web server as well, which could provide local data previews and send them to collecting network.
  
 The following list contains some of the most widespread Open-Source programs for local data recording and processing. The following list contains some of the most widespread Open-Source programs for local data recording and processing.
Line 289: Line 309:
 [[http://www.wunderground.com/weatherstation/setup.asp?MR=1#software|zdroj]] [[http://www.wunderground.com/weatherstation/setup.asp?MR=1#software|zdroj]]
  
-Our ideal program should be multi-platform with minimal operating requirements and with possibility of sending data to one of the global network of weather stations. The data should be, at the same time, locally backed up and they should be able to combine with data from other stations. Examples of such databases include: [http://www.arpa.emr.it/dettaglio_documento.asp?id=514&idlivello=64| DB-All.e]]  or [[http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/docs/|NetCDF]].+Our ideal program should be multi-platform with minimal operating requirements and with possibility of sending data to one of the global network of weather stations. The data should be, at the same time, locally backed up and they should be able to combine with data from other stations. Examples of such database include: [[http://www.arpa.emr.it/dettaglio_documento.asp?id=514&idlivello=64| DB-All.e]]  or [[http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/docs/|NetCDF]].
  
 ===== Examples of use ===== ===== Examples of use =====
Line 333: Line 353:
   * **ver** denotes the device and firmware version    * **ver** denotes the device and firmware version 
   * **seq** is the serial number of a measurement    * **seq** is the serial number of a measurement 
-  * **temp[K]** denotes the temperature from thermometer (in hundredths of Kelvin) +  * **temp[K]** denotes the temperature measured thermometer (in hundredths of Kelvin) 
   * **hum_temp[K]** - temperature from 1st humidity sensor    * **hum_temp[K]** - temperature from 1st humidity sensor 
   * **hum[%]** - relative humidity measured by 1st humidity sensor    * **hum[%]** - relative humidity measured by 1st humidity sensor 
Line 349: Line 369:
 This condition occurs after resetting the device. This condition occurs after resetting the device.
  
-Following that, a new firmware can be send using a command listed below (either under root account or under account with absolute access to the serial line)+Following that, a new firmware can be send using a command listed below (either under root account or under account with access to the serial line)
  
   $ echo uf > /dev/ttyUSB0     $ echo uf > /dev/ttyUSB0  
Line 367: Line 387:
  
   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_weather_station|Automatic weather station]]   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_weather_station|Automatic weather station]]
 +  * [[http://iepas.net/update-on-the-mma-weather-station/|MMA Weather Station]] - Related project with almost the same ideas. 
   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_airport_weather_station|Automated airport weather station]]   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_airport_weather_station|Automated airport weather station]]
   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_and_Forecast_Metadata_Conventions|Climate and Forecast Metadata Conventions]]   * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_and_Forecast_Metadata_Conventions|Climate and Forecast Metadata Conventions]]
en/aws.1408385662.txt.gz · Last modified: 2014/08/18 18:14 (external edit)